To test their claim, they monitored 12 populations of E. coli for 10,000 generations under the same environmental conditions. A group of scientists found that in one population the frequency of the M allele was 0.82, and the frequency of the N allele was 0.18. Immigration of individuals from Metro Manila into the two populations, Which of the following best explains the trend shown in Figure 1? After 20 generations of allowing this population of about 1000 flies to mate randomly, 10 females and 10 males were isolated from the rest of the population. Most of the species found in the first static period will be absent in the second static period. Scientists want to determine the age of | Course Hero. Which of the following student claims is best supported by the data provided? A. Prepare flowcharting segments for each of the following operations: d. Using a terminal to enter paper-based source document data and send it to a remote location where a corporate computer updates the company database. The scientists identified a period of stability or stasis, followed by rapid change, and then stasis again with regard to shell shape. Dark color is selected for in mice from the West, Mid, and East populations. A. C. Humans and mice share a recent common ancestor that had the 5-TTAGGG-35-TTAGGG-3 repeat sequence in its telomeres. The island was surveyed again in 2015, and scientists determined that the giant kangaroo rats originally in population A are now to be considered as a new species. Consider the hypothetical molecule B - A = B. A small segment of the original population is exposed to different environmental conditions, and a new subspecies emerges through natural selection. B. B. Continue treating the three insect populations with the same insecticides and determine whether their efficiencies decline significantly after several generations. B. Scientists are concerned that the lowlands will become much warmer by the end of the twenty-first century and will become unsuitable for this lowland lizard species. After rearing five additional generations of the mice on this new food, the two groups are assessed for how efficiently this new food is digested. The MC1RD allele is not responsible for dark coat color in the Carrizozo population, so the dark coat color is likely a result of convergent evolution. Take a look at the Intro to Unit 7. During the last few decades, tall buildings have been built around the woodlot, and species 3, 4, and 5 are shadeintolerant plants. D. The presence of MC1RdMC1Rd alleles in the East lava flow population is an indication of gene flow from mice populations living on light granite rocks. The animals in population A were reproductively isolated from those in populations B, C, and D. Which of the following statements best predicts the result of a comparison between the fossils found before and after the period of rapid change? Statistics and Probability questions and answers; College Board AP Classroom Unit 7 The researchers determined that the East lava flow population is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. In a certain small mammal, fur color is controlled by a pair of alleles, with B being dominant over b. Geographic isolation will create separate gene pools, leading to speciation over time. E1=E2=200GPa,1=2=12106/CA1=25mm2,A2=50mm2,L1=3m,L2=5m,=1mm. WebAP Biology Scoring Guide Unit 7 Progress Check: MCQ Part A 2. A model of the investigation is shown in Figure 1. D. Mice utilized the 5-TTAGGG-35-TTAGGG-3 telomeric repeat sequence first, but the sequence independently evolved in humans as well. This hypothesis states that the first genetic material was RNA, not DNA, and a transitional period led to the emergence of DNA as the storage molecule for genetic material. z=ycos(xy),(2,2,2)z=y \cos (x-y), \quad(2,2,2)z=ycos(xy),(2,2,2), Write the electron configuration of the ion. A group of birds is found in an island chain that have all descended from a single ancestral species. The model is shown in Figure 1. Which of the following is closest to the frequency of the MC1RD allele in the Tule Mountain population? Which of the following best predicts the impact on the lizard species if there is a gradual increase in the average temperatures found in both the lowlands and mountains in this region? There are autotrophic and heterotrophic organisms found in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. A scientist wishes to provide experimental evidence to support the model shown in Figure 1 by demonstrating the ability to synthesize an RNARNA molecule. The second group is fed the same food without the mutagen. If a fire caused the surface of the ground in the habitat of the species to become darker in color, which of the following claims about the impact on the allele frequencies in this population is most reasonable? Take a look at the Intro to Unit 5 . A. This preview shows page 1 out of 1 page. AP Biology Scoring Guide Unit 7 Progress Check: MCQ Part A Copyright 2017. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your schools participation in the program is prohibited. The logging industry created vast meadow habitats for the sparrow in the late 1800s. relationship between the MC1R gene and coat color in the Carrizozo, New Mexico, rock pocket mouse population? A group of researchers claim that chance events play an important role in the evolution of populations. D. The black variety was a nineteenth century mutation, dominant to the peppered variety. The animals in population A were reproductively isolated from those in populations B, C, and D. Mollusk fossils were excavated and collected from a coastal cliff. Which of the following would most likely represent the types of individuals found in one of the species resulting from shape becoming a prezygotic isolating mechanism in the initial population represented in Figure 1 ? Figure 1 shows the phylogeny of the birds. A. C. If a sediment layer that is 3.6 billion years old is tested, it will contain organic material. A. The second group is fed the same food without the mutagen. BIO 1- CH. Numbers above 0.125 indicate a high degree of relatedness. Which of the following best describes the processes occurring between the mouse populations and their environments? Which of the following best explains the phenotypic pattern in the moths over time? D. The animals in population A mate at different times of year, causing their gametes to be incompatible with those from animals in populations B, C, and D. B. Owls (primary predators of rock pocket mice) are nocturnal visual predators that are able to distinguish effectively between dark and light colors in low-light conditions. C. The frequency of the MC1RDMC1RD allele will decline due to natural selection. D. The lizards will hybridize with a different lizard species that is adapted to a warmer environment, leading to increased genetic variation in the species. b) helping blood vessels to absorb nutrients. Scientists interested in the relationship among vision, foraging for food, and fitness studied three isolated populations of a small species of primate whose WebView AP Biology Unit 7 Evolution; MCQ Questions 14.pdf from BIOLOGY 101 at Oakland High School, Oakland. B. In the preceding exercise, if the stick is moving in a direction along its length (like a properly thrown spear), how long will you measure its length to be? The researchers built an enclosure to prevent migration into and out of the O'Neill rock pocket mouse population for a period of two years. \end{gathered} The presence of MC1Rd alleles in the East lava flow population is an indication of gene flow from mice populations living on light granite rocks. A. Migration of individuals between the Isabela and Butuan populations Many of these species rely on pollinators that migrate based on changes in day length and the position of the Sun. Which of the following best predicts why the recombinant bacteria will fail to produce the eukaryotic protein? L_2=5 \mathrm{~m}, \quad \bar{\delta}=1 \mathrm{~mm} The darker backgrounds conferred a selective advantage to the black variety, as described by natural selection. They found that although all 12 populations were exposed to the same environmental pressures, each population had differentiated from one another genetically after 10,000 generations. Cattle are equally related to pigs and sheep, because the phylogeny places cattle between pigs and sheep. The flow rate of ammonia at 10C(=624.6kg/m310^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\left(\rho=624.6 \mathrm{~kg} / \mathrm{m}^3\right.10C(=624.6kg/m3 and =1.697104kg/ms\mu=1.697 \times 10^{-4} \mathrm{~kg} / \mathrm{m} \cdot \mathrm{s}=1.697104kg/ms ) through a 222-cm\mathrm{cm}cm-diameter pipe is to be measured with a 1.51.51.5-cm\mathrm{cm}cm-diameter flow nozzle equipped with a differential pressure gage. Populations M1 through M5 are located in Marion County. Which of the following best explains the relationship between coat color and predation rate in the rock pocket mouse population on the lava flow rocks with respect to the different coat color phenotypes? Assuming the thermometer to be a first-order system, find the time constant. AP Bio 7.14 Multiple Choice Questions | Fiveable Select the best alternate hypothesis to support this claim. Future generations will eventually completely lose the a allele from the gene pool. An experiment is designed to help prevent the further decline and extinction of the Henslow's sparrow in which controlled burns will be set in the each of the ten Midwest counties in order to prevent the regrowth of the forest. Which of the following best predicts why the recombinant bacteria will fail to produce the eukaryotic protein? The researchers determined that the East lava flow population is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. A shift to less polluting fuel in the twentieth led to cleaner air and a lightening of the moth's normal habitat. However, an additional mutation in the black allele changed it from a dominant to a recessive allele at the turn of the twentieth century, leading to a return to the dominance of the original peppered variety. Hunting in the nineteenth century has been blamed for a drastic reduction in the northern elephant seal population. Even though the population has rebounded following restrictions on seal hunting, genetic variation is greatly reduced in the northern species compared to that in the southern species. White circle, grey circle and black circle. Humans and mice have the same number of chromosomes. Determine the velocity and acceleration of point PPP on the disk at this instant. a) filtering blood of harmful substances. provided unique evolutionary advantages to the last eukaryotic common ancestor? Which of the following best describes the processes occurring between the mouse populations and their environments? The M4M4 and M5M5 populations have the lowest genetic diversity of all populations. Which of the following best explains the divergence in morphology in the birds? Which of the following best explains the phenotypic pattern in the moths over time? The results of breeding programs can be seen in the change in winning times of the Kentucky Derby from 1880 to the present, as shown in Figure 1. A. A. Convergent evolution, because these organisms do not share a recent common ancestor. Convergent evolution, because these organisms do not share a recent common ancestor. These building blocks combined to form polymers, such as crude proteins. Consider the circuit in the given figure with resistors R1=2500,R2=4500R_1=2500 \Omega, R_2=4500 \OmegaR1=2500,R2=4500, and R3=1200R_3=1200 \OmegaR3=1200, and batteries with emfs E1=6.5V\mathcal{E}_1=6.5 \mathrm{~V}E1=6.5V and E2=1.3V\mathcal{E}_2=1.3 \mathrm{~V}E2=1.3V. What is the magnitude of the current in the circuit? Controlled fires in counties 4 and 5 will lead to an increase in the sparrow population. AP Biology Scoring Guide Unit 7 Progress Check: MCQ Part A 1. If a fire caused the surface of the ground in the habitat of the species to become darker in color, which of the following claims about the impact on the allele frequencies in this population is most reasonable? Iridium is an element that is rare on Earth but commonly found in meteorites. Even though the population has rebounded following restrictions on seal hunting, genetic variation is greatly reduced in the northern species compared to that in the southern species. Both the larger population and the isolated population were maintained under identical conditions and allowed to mate randomly for another 20 generations. C. Dark color is selected for in mice from the West, Mid, and East Populations. Can the voltage across a battery's terminals be higher than the battery's rated voltage? Based on the data in Figure 1, which of the following would most affect the allelic frequencies of the populations on Isabela and Butuan? WebAP BIO COLLEGE BOARD UNIT 7 4.9 (42 reviews) Geologic events such as mountain building can directly affect biodiversity. Which of the following student claims is best supported by the data provided? B. Which of the following sets of data provides evidence that best supports common ancestry for organisms in all three domains? Because cheetahs, Acinonyx jubatus, experienced a bottleneck event about ten thousand years ago, living cheetahs exhibit very little genetic variation compared to other living species of large cats. Geologic events such as mountain building can directly affect biodiversity. A. D. Large population size. d) releasing chemicals that begin to break down food in the mouth. Based on the data in Table 1, which of the following best describes the relationship between the MC1R gene and coat color in the Carrizozo, New Mexico, rock pocket mouse population? Start each population with genetically identical bacterial cells from a single culture to make sure that the initial genetic variation in all of the populations was exactly the same. Cells with mitochondria were able to utilize metabolic energy more efficiently. C. The plant species will flower earlier in the spring in response to rising temperatures before the arrival of the pollinators, so seeds will not be produced. The presence of MC1RdMC1Rd alleles in the East lava flow population is an indication of gene flow from mice populations living on light granite rocks. Over time, populations A and B developed into two distinct species. Which statement below best states an alternative hypothesis Fox could have used to frame his research? A. Based on the data in table 1, which of the following best provides evidence to support this claim? A. Which statement below best states an alternative hypothesis Fox could have used to frame his research? The two populations will show significant genetic differences because the founder effect will result in significant losses in diversity in the smaller population. A. Many of these species rely on pollinators that migrate based on changes in day length and the position of the Sun. A recent survey of ten Midwest counties are shown in Figure 1. Observed modern extinction rates will resemble the rates found early in previous extinctions. Does this exceed the (24-hr) air quality standard of 0.14 ppm? A group of researchers noticed that using a particular drug to treat cancer in mice would reduce the size of the tumor, but some of the tumor cells appeared to be resistant to the drug since some of these cells would increase in number over time. Increasing the number of trials and the number of mice in each treatment group. Henslow's sparrow populations came to a peak in the mid1900s. D. Increased population sizes over time in the Isabela population, but no change in the Butuan population, B. Geographic isolation will create separate gene pools, leading to speciation over time. The SinoHimalayan fern, Lepisorus clathratus is Which of the following sets of data provides evidence that best supports common ancestry for organisms in all three domains? Which of the following principles best justifies a claim that cheetahs, compared to other large cats, have a relatively low resilience to environmental perturbations? The animals in population A were reproductively isolated from those in populations B, C, and D. Which of the following is an alternative hypothesis that can be tested to support the RNA World Hypothesis? (Kentucky Derby). The animals in population A were reproductively isolated from those in populations B, C, and D. Mollusk fossils were excavated and collected from a coastal cliff. D. There is a progression of cellular organization in organisms found in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. The MC1RD allele is not responsible for dark coat color in the Carrizozo population, so the dark coat color is likely a result of convergent evolution. Image courtesy of Pixabay Facts about the test: The AP Biology exam has 60 multiple choice questions and you will be given 1 hour D. The frequency of both alleles will increase because the population will enter a period of rapid growth. One facet of the study of the origin of life focuses on the nature of the first genetic material. C. The species will experience a genetic bottleneck, and sympatric speciation will result in the development of several new species. Select the best alternate hypothesis to support this claim. c) storing bile that is released into the bloodstream. To prevent the loss of genes as chromosome ends wear down during DNA replication, the tips of eukaryotic chromosomes have specialized DNA "caps" called telomeres. The darker backgrounds conferred a selective advantage to the black variety, as described by natural selection. Which of the following represents an alternate hypothesis tested by this experiment with regard to the population sizes of Henslow's sparrows? Which of the following represents an alternate hypothesis tested by this experiment with regard to the population sizes of Henslow's sparrows? Are the following statements true or false? In an exercise to understand how genetically controlled physical traits could affect speciation, a theoretical population was imagined that contained organisms with three shapes and three levels of pigmentation, as illustrated in Figure 1. Which of the following student claims is best supported by the data provided? Based on the information provided in the figure, which of the following best describes how membrane-bound organelles provided unique evolutionary advantages to the last eukaryotic common ancestor? They found that although all 12 populations were exposed to the same environmental pressures, each population had differentiated from one another genetically after 10,000 generations. General Instructions for your group. Make .sure .you .begin .the .exam .at .the .designated .time . . If you are giving the regularly scheduled exam, say: It is Monday morning, May 13, and you will be taking the AP Biology Exam. If you are giving the alternate exam for late testing, say: Over time, populations A and B developed into two distinct species. Some researchers claim that the decrease in plant species richness of this woodlot is unrelated to human activities over the last forty years. Some scientists propose that due to human activity and climate change, a sixth mass extinction has already begun. Which of the following statements includes a reasonable refinement that researchers could use in repeating the experiment? The plant species will flower earlier in the spring in response to rising temperatures before the arrival of the pollinators, so seeds will not be produced. If the environment for the plant species becomes too warm, the pollinators will no longer migrate to that area in the spring, continuing on to a more northern environment instead. (b) hydrogen Some scientists propose that due to human activity and climate change, a sixth mass extinction has already begun. The plant species will flower earlier in the spring in response to rising temperatures before the arrival of the pollinators, so seeds will not be produced. Click the card to flip Geographic isolation will create separate gene pools, D. Migrating pollinators will start migrating later in the year, switching from spring-flowering plants to summer-flowering plants. Henslow's sparrow is a songbird found in North American grasslands. Which of the following statements best predicts the result of a comparison between the fossils found before and after the period of rapid change? In the presence of available energy and the absence of a significant quantity of atmospheric O2 simple proteins will form spontaneously from a mixture of amino acids. Human activities can drive changes in ecosystems that affect the risk of extinction. B. A. C. The plant species will flower earlier in the spring in response to rising temperatures before the arrival of the pollinators, so seeds will not be produced. B. which of the following best provides evidence to support this claim? Observed modern extinction rates will resemble the rates found early in previous extinctions. Both the larger population and the isolated population were maintained under identical conditions and allowed to mate randomly for another 20 generations. The SinoHimalayan fern, Lepisorus clathratus is widely distributed on the QinghaiTibetan plateau. The genotypes BB and Bb result in dark-colored fur, the genotype bb results in light-colored fur. In an experiment, the scientist creates two groups of twenty highly inbred mice. Which of these would be an appropriate null hypothesis to test related to whether meteorites hit the Earth 3.6 billion years ago? A scientist wishes to provide experimental evidence to support the model shown in Figure 1 by demonstrating the ability to synthesize an RNA molecule. Given aerobic conditions and large amounts of lightning, amino acids will spontaneously form crude proteins. Which of the following best illustrates the change in the frequencies of the A and a alleles from generation 1 to generation 2 and to future generations, assuming Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is present after generation 1 ? (d) aluminum. The heterotroph hypothesis of the origin of life states that basic organic building blocks formed from inorganic molecules under the primitive conditions present early in Earth's development. D. Specimen 4. Ca2+^{2+}2+, The following elements are among the five most abundant by mass in the Earth's crust, seawater, and atmosphere except, (a) oxygen Which of the following best describes what occurred during the periods indicated by the arrows? D. The original habitat was tropical, which increased the rate of mutation and led to rapid diversification. B. For a specific bike plus rider of total mass 78kg78 \mathrm{~kg}78kg, FD14.0NF_{\mathrm{~D} 1} \approx 4.0 \mathrm{~N}FD14.0N; and for a speed of 2.2m/s,FD21.0N2.2 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{~s}, F_{\mathrm{~D} 2} \approx 1.0 \mathrm{~N}2.2m/s,FD21.0N. Find at what slope angle \theta the bike and rider can coast downhill at a constant speed of 8.0m/s8.0 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{~s}8.0m/s. Two flat steel bars are supposed to be connected together by a pin at BBB, and the system is supposed to be stress free after the pin is inserted (see Fig.given). A. This molecule cannot exist. B. HardyWeinberg equilibrium, which of the following is the expected frequency of individuals with the genotype MN? Scientists claim that some of the populations in Marion County are at an increased risk of decline or extinction. D. In response to different environments, populations A and B experienced different mutation rates, leading to the emergence of two different gene pools and, over time, new species A and B. Population B was separated for a longer time from the original population than population A was, and population B evolved into a more distinct new species than population A did. Organisms in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya each have adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine bases forming their DNA. Which of the following statements includes a reasonable refinement that researchers could use in repeating the experiment? There is no difference in iridium levels in sediments that were deposited on Earth 3.6 billion years old, compared to recent sediments. Based on the data in Table 1, which of the following best describes the relationship between the MC1RMC1R gene and coat color in the Carrizozo, New Mexico, rock pocket mouse population? WebUnit 7 MCQ 4.9 (31 reviews) Flashcards Learn Test Match Which of the following best describes the processes occurring between the mouse populations and their Which of the following best describes what occurred during the periods indicated by the arrows? Humans and mice share a recent common ancestor that had the 5-TTAGGG-3 repeat sequence in its telomeres. The darker backgrounds conferred a selective advantage to the black variety, as described by natural selection. Of the following, which is the best next step for the researchers to best determine the long-term effectiveness of these insecticides with regards to the development of resistance? Immigration of individuals from Metro Manila into the two populations. A. Geographic isolation will create separate gene pools, leading to speciation over time. C. A pool of amino acids can spontaneously form into singlestranded RNA, which would then code for proteins. The darker backgrounds conferred a selective advantage to the black variety, as described by natural selection. Natural selection acted on variation that was present in both populations A and B, and the lack of gene flow eventually led to the formation of two new species. A. A. Populations with little genetic diversity are less likely to contain individuals that can withstand different selective pressures. B. Bacterial ribosomes cannot recognize eukaryotic mRNA and will not translate the codon sequence. Which of the following would be an appropriate alternative hypothesis? White circle, grey circle and black circle. Observed modern extinction rates will resemble the rates found early in previous extinctions. Some researchers claim that the decrease in plant species richness of this woodlot is unrelated to human activities over the last forty years. Human activities can drive changes in ecosystems that affect the risk of extinction. B. Quantitative Skills in the AP Sciences (2018) This reference guide is for students to use as they develop quantitative skills, such as using measurements, gathering and evaluating data, using quantitative evidence to support claims, and connecting empirical information to scientific theory, throughout the course. Curriculum Modules Download In a particular region, a species of lizard lives in the lowlands. If the thermometer is placed in a bath, the temperature of which is changing linearly at a rate of 10/min, how much error does the thermometer show? Which of the following would be an appropriate alternative hypothesis? Which of the following predicts the expected outcome of the experiment? College Board AP Classroom Unit 7 Progress Check: MCQ Part C Qichen (1 of 18 ) Question 1 Two community service A. D. Controlled fires in counties 4 and 5 will lead to an increase in the sparrow population. A group of researchers claim that chance events play an important role in the evolution of populations. The model is shown in Figure 1. Which of the following best explains the relationship between coat color and predation rate in the rock pocket mouse population on the lava flow rocks with respect to the different coat color phenotypes? AP Biology Past Exam Questions AP Central | College WebAP Biology Unit 7 MCQ B Term 1 / 18 Which of the following sets of data provides evidence that best supports common ancestry for organisms in all three domains? Which of the following predicts the expected outcome of the experiment? A. Introns must be removed from eukaryotic DNA before the gene is inserted into the plasmid. A captive population of cheetahs kept in a confined area will have a greater risk of contracting and passing on a virus. A group of birds is found in an island chain that have all descended from a single ancestral species. A_1=25 \mathrm{~mm}^2, \quad A_2=50 \mathrm{~mm}^2, \quad L_1=3 \mathrm{~m}, \\ A famous study from the nineteenth century involves the peppered moth, Biston betularia, commonly found in Great Britain and Ireland. D. A mixture of ribonucleotides such as adenine and uracil will spontaneously form single-stranded chains of RNA. A scientist is studying the impact of mutagens on genetic variation in mice. Iridium is an element that is rare on Earth but commonly found in meteorites. natural B. The liver helps the circulatory system by _________. D. Cattle and sheep are separated by only one node, and they are separated from the other organisms by more than one node. An experiment is designed to help prevent the further decline and extinction of the Henslow's sparrow in which controlled burns will be set in the each of the ten Midwest counties in order to prevent the regrowth of the forest. The population was predominantly black throughout the nineteenth century. By the end of the twentieth century, the peppered version of the moth was again more common than the black version. Which of the following best explains why the population is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?